1. The Kingdom in the Sky
Lesotho is often known as "The Kingdom in the Sky" because of its lofty altitude. The entire country lies over 1000m above sea level, making it the country with the highest lowest point in the world. The nation's geographical advantage presents a magnificent view of the mountains.
2. Only Independent State Sits Within Another Country's Borders
One of the most fascinating facts about Lesotho is that it is the only independent country entirely above 1,400 meters and is entirely encircled by South Africa. It's like an island nested within another nation. This unusual geographic feature is due to the historical protection it received from the British from Zulu raids.
3. The Water Tower of Southern Africa
Lesotho is often called the "water tower of Southern Africa" because approximately 40% of Southern Africa's water catchment is in Lesotho. The country's high-altitude and mountainous terrain gather significant rainfall and feed essential rivers, including the Orange River and the Caledon River, which provide significant water reserves for the region.
4. Basotho Hat: Symbol of Lesotho
The Basotho hat or 'Mokorotlo' is a national symbol for Lesotho. It's so integral to the country's identity that it's even featured on the national flag. The hat is designed to look like a mountain, Mount Qiloane, which is significant in Basotho culture.
5. Unique Dinosaur Footprints
Lesotho houses one of the largest known dinosaur footprints, situated near the village of Morija. The dinosaur footprints belong to a species of the late Triassic and early Jurassic periods, and their preservation makes Lesotho a significant place for paleontologists.
6. Abundance of Diamonds
The kingdom boasts considerable natural resources, the most prominent being diamonds. The Letseng Diamond Mine in Lesotho frequently unearths some of the world's largest and most valuable diamonds.
7. World's Highest Commercial Abseil
Lesotho is the place for thrill-seekers, with the highest commercial abseil in the world at a whopping 204 meters. The site is the Maletsunyane Falls, a single-drop waterfall on the Maletsunyane River, sculpting one of Lesotho's most phenomenal landscapes.
8. Skiing in Africa
People mostly affiliate Africa with warm climates and diverse wildlife, but Lesotho defies the odds. It is home to Africa's most extensive skiing slopes at the Afriski Mountain Resort.
9. Diverse Birdlife
Despite its small size, Lesotho offers impressive bird-watching opportunities, with over 350 recorded species, including several endangered species and regional specials.
10. Rock Art by the San People
Lesotho consists of numerous sandstone caves housing ancient rock art by the San people, who once inhabited Lesotho. The Ha-Baroana gorge, located 35km from Maseru, showcases beautiful sandstone formations and rock art.
11. World's Oldest Female Parachutist
One of Lesotho's citizens, Emma McClimond, holds the world record for being the oldest female parachutist in the world. She made her jump to celebrate her 100th birthday.
12. 'Thaba Bosiu': The Mountain at Night
Thaba Bosiu, meaning "Mountain at Night," is an incredibly significant site in Lesotho. It is where the founder of the Basotho people, King Moshoeshoe I, established his stronghold, and it played a significant role in shaping the country's history.
13. State-of-the-art Pass Road
The highest point in Lesotho is reached via the Sani Pass, a dangerous yet stunning mountain road. A pub is nestled atop the Pass, offering marvelous views and boasting the title of "highest pub in Africa."
14. Traditional Blankets
Lesotho's traditional woolen blankets, 'Basotho blankets,' are a cultural symbol used for everything, from warmth to ceremonial attire.
15. National Language: Sesotho
Sesotho (or Sotho), one of South Africa's eleven official languages, is the national language of Lesotho. However, English is also commonly used.
16. Traditional Music: Famo
Famo is a traditional music style unique to Lesotho. Originating in the mineworker communities, it features a melodic accordion and a pulsating bass beat, and holds cultural significance within the Basotho culture.
17. Wool, The White Gold
Lesotho holds an important spot in the international wool and mohair market, historically dubbed as the country's "white gold."
18. Kome Caves
The Kome Caves, crafted by the Basotho people in the 19th century, offer a glimpse into the indigenous Basotho’s dwelling history and serve as a popular tourist attraction.
19. High Literacy Rate
For an African nation, Lesotho has an impressively high literacy rate. Approximately 79.4 % of the population over age 15 can read and write.
20. Snow in Lesotho
Lastly, contrary to what one might expect from an African country, it does snow in Lesotho. The country’s high elevation means it has a colder temperature range than many other African nations. As a result, it is common to have snowfall in the Maloti Mountains during winter.